Today’s military works in a complex electromagneticarena. IED jammers and UGS systems are examples where propagation is very near to the ground, and the interaction of signals with the earth can unintentionally alter propagation. In these scenarios the direct and reflected waves tend to cancel one another, causing the surface wave component to be the dominant mode of propagation. This surface wave must be taken into account in order to correctly model radio wave propagation in these cases.